Citation Networks

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Contents

Visualisation

Graphgear

http://imageweb.zoo.ox.ac.uk/pub/2008/citationnetworkdev/visualisation/graphgear/

Welkin

http://imageweb.zoo.ox.ac.uk/pub/2008/citationnetworkdev/visualisation/rdfcitationdata/Ganoza_2006_DeterminingRisk_extra1.rdf

Others

Data Sources

Crossref

  • Submit a query via PLOS/Trunk/citationnetworks/datasources/index.html
  • NB there is a separate query for citations-to and citations-from
  • XSL transform the Crossref XML format results into RDF with PLOS/Trunk/citationnetworks/datasources/crossref2rdf.xsl
  • PROBLEMS:
  1. Our user/pass only has access to PLOS and OUP data.
  2. PLOS have not submitted NTD data to CrossRef (yet)

GScholar

  • Google return a 403 (forbidden) to requests from scripts (non-browser user agent) Google's terms of service do not allow automated queries.

Thomson Scientific

Web of Science

Analysis of Ko's paper

I used Ko's old paper "Urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in Brazil" (reference 6 in the Plos paper) to do a search on the Web of Science interface.

The result gave me 127 papers that cited this paper, and the 27 references appeared in this paper.

An analyze of these 127 papers showed that:

  1. most of these papers study INFECTIOUS DISEASES (40), followed by papers studying MICROBIOLOGY (37), IMMUNOLOGY (36), PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH (20), etc.
  2. most citations (except for the author and co-authors) are from David Haake (12), then VINETZ, JM (10), MATSUNAGA, J (9), etc. Ko has cited the paper 20 times.
  3. citations from USA (61) are higher than from Brazil (44)
  4. CORNELL UNIV (20) and UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES (17) are the two top institutions that cited this paper. Many other USA universities have very high citation ranks too. This explained the top rank of citations from USA.
  5. It can also analyse the citation year, the citation language, etc, which also looked quite interesting.

It would be nice to make all the analysis results navigatable. For example, find out who from the microbiology are citing this paper in the subject analysis page, or find out what David Haake's subject area and which institution he is from in the author analysis page.

Interestingly, Ko's Plos paper is not returned as one of the 127 papers.

Analysis of Leptospirosis in Brazil

The tool "Analyze Results" can be used to:

  • Identify top researchers, publications, and sections
  • Perform trend analysis
  • Find useful search terms in indexes and controlled vocabularies

We can give more examples for the first two if we search "web of science" using some keywords, instead of starting from a specific paper.

I did a query searching for "leptospirosis" in "brazil" and then analysed these results. It showed the following:

  • Ko is a leading expert in this field, with 25 publication in this field, followed by VASCONCELLOS, SA, REIS, MG, and etc.
  • We can also find out how the subjects distribute in these papers, who have been published these papers (Brazil published the most). But we cannot find out where the studies were carried out, whether in Brazil indeed or somewhere else.
  • The publication in leptospirosis has been increasing from 2005 onward, but there was a drop of publication in 2001-2004.

To answer some other queries

  • An analysis of the citation to Ko's papers: search for papers by "Ko AI", and create a citation report, we can find out his most cited papers. Use the analysis tool we can find out how the subject of his papers distributed and how they have changed over the years. He had most publications in year 2007 studying leptospirosis.
  • the key paper that have been most cited in the field: this can be achieved by Thomas Scientific: search for all papers with keyword "leptospirosis" and "brazil", and do a "citation analysis" of these paper.


One distinctive drawback noticed in my exercise is the inflexibility of the interface. To find out how the publication of a particular subject has evolved through the years, we need four clicks. However, if these information have been presented using a faceted browser, we would only need one click.

Case study from Thomson

" For Dr. Karel Hruska, Web of Science® within ISI Web of Knowledge does more than save time; it opens doors to new, productive means of research. Thanks to ISI Web of Knowledge product upgrades, Web of Science users can, for the first time, analyze the number of papers dedicated to a specific topic, allowing them to easily spot developing trends. Identifying these trends gives researchers insight into emerging fields of science and the leading researchers in these fields, and lets them trace the history of particular fields of study.

Dr. Hruska, from the Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Czech Republic, first attempted to spot veterinary research trends using Web of Science several years ago. At that time, he found it an arduous task. "I tried to write an analysis of published papers," said Dr. Hruska, "but it was very time consuming and difficult to conduct research, arrange the search results into spreadsheets, and then order them. I never finished."

Thomson Scientific responded to this challenge with an upgrade, creating the Analyze Tool. Available in Web of Science and other resources within ISI Web of Knowledge, the Analyze Tool is a revolutionary feature that boasts two powerful advancements-- first, it refines a search by organizing search results, creating subsets of identified items of interest; second, it mines search summaries for valuable information, easily identifying hidden trends and patterns within particular areas of research, and displaying the results in an easy-to-read graphic format. Using the Analyze Tool, Dr. Hruska was able to quickly group and review organized results by author, publication year, journal subject, category, institution, document type or source title.

Through his work at the Veterinary Research Institute, Dr. Hruska endeavors to protect human health by studying infectious and noninfectious diseases in animals. In 2004, Dr. Hruska focused his studies on volumes of papers dealing with the relationship of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to Crohn's Disease. Dr. Hruska compiled key data for a comprehensive analysis of relevant journals. By searching for articles with the phrase "PARATUBERCULOSIS AND CROHN*," Dr. Hruska accessed 1,032 indexed papers dealing with MAP and Crohn's Disease published in a 10-year period by 2,519 authors. He then sorted and mined the search results using the Analyze Tool.

The result: Dr. Hruska's first "analysis of publications" paper appeared in the August 2004 edition of Veterinarni Medicina. In his paper, Dr. Hruska determined that the number of papers linking MAP and Crohn's Disease is increasing. Therefore, he infers, the bacterium is increasingly suspected of having involvement in Crohn's Disease. Because the disease affects cattle and other ruminants, such research impacts all aspects of the dairy and beef markets- from farmers to consumers."Without the upgraded Web of Science, such analysis could not be done" said Dr. Hruska.

A History of Innovation

The Analyze Tool is just one milestone in a long history of meeting challenges- in fact, revolutionizing research comes naturally to Thomson Scientific. They've been doing it since 1955 when Dr. Eugene Garfield, now chairman emeritus of Thomson Scientific, penned "Citation Indexes for Science: A New Dimension in Documentation through Association of Ideas." Ever since Dr. Garfield first envisioned and, in his paper, outlined the tools that allow researchers to expedite their research process, Thomson Scientific has dedicated itself to bringing these innovative solutions to the libraries and now more than ever-- the desktops of its users.

Researchers at thousands of institutions worldwide use Thomson products to evaluate the impact of their work; spot scientific trends; and trace the history of modern scientific thought. Countless researchers agree-evaluating research trends by any criterion is crucial to the advancement of science. And the analytical capabilities provided by the Web of Science and Analyze Tool are unmatched by any other cited reference database. "

--- http://isiwebofknowledge.com/currentuser_wokhome/cu_casestudies/ [cited on 18/08/2008]

The publication of this case study: http://www.vri.cz/docs/vetmed/49-8-271.pdf

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